The Science Behind Delta 9 THC Edibles and How They Work
Cannabis edibles have become increasingly popular in recent years as more states and countries have legalized the use of marijuana for medicinal and recreational purposes. One of the main active compounds in cannabis responsible for its psychoactive effects is delta 9 THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), and edibles are a common way to consume it. In this article, we will explore the science behind delta 9 THC edibles and how they work.
How Are Delta 9 THC Edibles Made?
Delta 9 THC edibles are typically made by extracting THC from the cannabis plant and infusing it into food or drink products. The extraction process may involve using solvents like alcohol, butane, or CO2 to isolate the THC from the plant material. Once extracted, the THC is then added to a carrier oil or other medium to create a concentrated THC product, which can then be incorporated into a variety of edible products such as candies, brownies, cookies, and beverages.
The Science Behind Delta 9 THC Edibles
When you consume delta 9 THC edibles, the THC is metabolized in the liver and converted into 11-hydroxy-THC, a more potent and longer-lasting form of THC. This is in contrast to when you smoke or vape cannabis, where the THC is absorbed through the lungs and goes directly into the bloodstream, leading to quicker and shorter-lived effects.
The process of metabolizing THC in the liver before it enters the bloodstream is what causes the delayed onset of effects with edibles. It can take anywhere from 30 minutes to 2 hours for the effects of edibles to kick in, and this delayed onset can lead some users to consume more than they should, thinking that the edible is not working. This can result in an uncomfortably strong high, also known as “greening out.”
The longer-lasting effects of edibles compared to smoking or vaping are also due to the conversion of THC into 11-hydroxy-THC. This metabolite has a stronger affinity for the cannabinoid receptors in the brain, leading to more pronounced and prolonged psychoactive effects.
How Do Delta 9 THC Edibles Work in the Body?
Once ingested, delta 9 THC from edibles is absorbed into the bloodstream through the digestive system. From there, it travels to the liver, where it undergoes metabolism into 11-hydroxy-THC. This metabolite then enters the bloodstream and crosses the blood-brain barrier, where it binds to the cannabinoid receptors in the brain and central nervous system.
The binding of THC and 11-hydroxy-THC to cannabinoid receptors stimulates the release of neurotransmitters like dopamine and serotonin, leading to the psychoactive effects of cannabis. These effects can include euphoria, relaxation, altered perception of time and space, increased appetite, and changes in sensory perception.
The exact mechanism by which THC produces its effects is complex and involves interactions with the endocannabinoid system, a network of receptors and neurotransmitters that play a crucial role in regulating various physiological processes, including mood, memory, appetite, and pain sensation.
FAQs About Delta 9 THC Edibles
Q: How long do the effects of delta 9 THC edibles last?
A: The effects of delta 9 THC edibles can last anywhere from 4 to 12 hours, depending on the dose and individual metabolism. The prolonged duration of effects is due to the conversion of THC into 11-hydroxy-THC and the slow release of THC from fat cells.
Q: Are delta 9 THC edibles safer than smoking or vaping cannabis?
A: While edibles may be a preferred method of consumption for some individuals, they come with their own set of risks. The delayed onset of effects can lead to accidental overconsumption, and the potency and unpredictable nature of edibles can increase the likelihood of adverse reactions, especially for inexperienced users.
Q: Can you overdose on delta 9 THC edibles?
A: While it is unlikely to experience a fatal overdose from delta 9 THC, consuming too much THC, especially in edible form, can lead to intense psychoactive effects, anxiety, paranoia, and physical discomfort. It is essential to start with a low dose and wait at least 2 hours before consuming more to avoid overconsumption.
Q: Are delta 9 THC edibles legal?
A: The legality of delta 9 THC edibles varies by jurisdiction. In some states and countries, edibles are legal for both medical and recreational use, while in others, they may be restricted to medical use only or banned altogether. It is essential to know the laws and regulations regarding cannabis edibles in your area.
In conclusion, delta 9 THC edibles are a popular way to consume cannabis, offering a longer-lasting and more potent high compared to smoking or vaping. Understanding the science behind how edibles work in the body and the potential risks associated with their use is crucial for promoting safe and responsible consumption. If you choose to use delta 9 THC edibles, start with a low dose and wait for the effects to kick in before consuming more to avoid overconsumption and adverse reactions.